A Guide To New Topographics: 10 Things To Know
1. Introduction to New Topographics
New Topographics refers to a genre of photography that emerged in the 1970s, challenging traditional notions of scenic beauty and exploring the transformation of the American landscape. This movement, considered a pivotal moment in the history of landscape photography, aimed to capture the banal and ordinary aspects of the built environment, reflecting a shift in societal values towards the modern and industrialized world.
2. Origins and Influences
The origins of New Topographics can be traced back to a landmark exhibition held in 1975 at the George Eastman House in Rochester, New York. Curated by William Jenkins, the exhibition featured works by photographers such as Robert Adams, Lewis Baltz, and Stephen Shore, among others. These artists were responding to the sprawling suburbs, urban development, and human impact on the environment. Influenced by the seminal work of Walker Evans, these photographers sought to document the visual character of the changing American landscape.
3. Focus on the Man-made Environment
Unlike traditional landscape photography, New Topographics photographers focused on the man-made environment rather than pristine vistas or natural beauty. They documented everyday infrastructure, suburban homes, industrial structures, and parking lots. Through their images, they highlighted the impact of human activity on the landscape and the evolving relationship between nature and civilization.
4. Aesthetic Characteristics
New Topographics photography is characterized by a distinct aesthetic that prioritizes objectivity over subjective interpretation. The images are often devoid of human presence, emphasizing an objective perspective and avoiding sentimentality. The photographers utilized a straightforward, deadpan style, employing a large format to capture sharp detail and neutral colors. These images have a detached and clinical quality that heightens the viewer’s awareness of the often overlooked details of the built environment.
5. Intersection of Art and Documentation
New Topographics photography not only served as an artistic expression but also sought to document the changing American landscape. By presenting an unromanticized view of the environment, photographers aimed to provoke discussions about land use, urban sprawl, consumerism, and environmental concerns. Their work has had a lasting impact on subsequent photographers, sociologists, and urban planners, contributing to a broader understanding of the relationship between humans and their surroundings.
6. Preservation and Ephemeral Nature
In documenting the built environment, New Topographics photographers also addressed the ephemeral nature of human constructions. Their images captured the transitory state of structures and spaces, raising questions about preservation, obsolescence, and the impermanence of built landscapes. By acknowledging the vulnerability of architectural and man-made elements, they shed light on the temporality of human interventions within the natural world.
7. Influence on Contemporary Photography
The New Topographics movement has had a profound influence on contemporary photography, causing a paradigm shift in how we perceive and document landscapes. Countless photographers have been inspired by the movement’s methodology and aesthetic, continuing to scrutinize the built environment and explore humanity’s impact on nature. The movement’s legacy can be seen in the work of artists such as Edward Burtynsky, Andreas Gursky, and Thomas Struth, who continue to challenge our understanding of the changing landscape.
8. Criticism of New Topographics
While the New Topographics movement has been hailed as groundbreaking, it has also faced some criticism. Detractors argue that the focus on the banality of the built environment may overlook the cultural, historical, and social significance of certain places. Additionally, some have criticized the movement for its lack of diversity, largely featuring images of suburban America. It is essential to recognize these limitations and engage in ongoing discussions about representation and the broader context of landscape photography.
9. Key Photographers of New Topographics
Several photographers played a crucial role in defining the New Topographics movement. Among them, Robert Adams is known for his depictions of suburban development in the American West, while Lewis Baltz focused on industrial landscapes and the impact of human intervention. Stephen Shore captured images of gas stations, motels, and diners, highlighting the vernacular architecture of everyday life. Other notable photographers include Joe Deal, Frank Gohlke, Nicholas Nixon, and Bernd and Hilla Becher.
10. Further Exploration and Resources
To delve even deeper into New Topographics and its impact on photography and the perception of landscapes, explore the following resources:
– Book Recommendation: “New Topographics” by Britt Salvesen
– Exhibition Catalogue: “New Topographics: Photographs of a Man-Altered Landscape”
– Documentary: “The Genius of Photography – Fixing the Shadows” by Thomas Wedgwood
– Online Archive: George Eastman Museum – New Topographics Collection
In conclusion, New Topographics photography revolutionized the field by shifting focus to the mundane and man-made environment. By challenging established notions of beauty, this movement formed a critical dialogue about human impact on landscapes and continues to inspire contemporary photographers. Exploring the works of key photographers and engaging in ongoing discussions, we can appreciate the lasting significance of New Topographics within the realm of photography and environmental consciousness.
