A Guide To Mark Tobey: 10 Things To Know

1. Introduction to Mark Tobey

Mark Tobey was an American painter who made significant contributions to the abstract expressionism movement. Born in Centerville, Wisconsin in 1890, Tobey’s unique style drew inspiration from Eastern art and spirituality. His paintings are characterized by intricate, intertwining lines and a muted color palette, creating a sense of depth and movement. Throughout his career, Tobey’s work underwent various transformations, reflecting his exploration of new techniques and artistic philosophies.

2. Early Life and Education

Tobey’s interest in art emerged at a young age, and he initially pursued his studies in Chicago, attending the School of the Art Institute. During this time, he was exposed to various artistic styles, including the works of the European modernists. However, it was a trip to Paris in 1911 that truly influenced his artistic journey. In France, Tobey encountered the works of artists such as Cézanne and Matisse, which greatly impacted his artistic development.

3. Influences and Abstract Expressionism

After his time in Europe, Tobey returned to the United States and settled in Seattle, Washington. It was there that he discovered Eastern philosophy and calligraphy, which became significant influences on his work. Tobey’s fascination with the spiritual aspects of art led him to develop a unique style characterized by interconnected, abstract forms. He was one of the first artists to embrace what would later be known as abstract expressionism, along with other renowned artists like Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning.

4. The White Writings

One of Tobey’s most distinctive contributions to the art world is his “white writings” technique. Inspired by calligraphy and the belief that words can convey spiritual meaning, Tobey began incorporating intricate, interlocking symbols and marks into his paintings. These “white writings” were often compared to the visual representation of a complex language. Tobey’s unique approach to mark-making created a sense of rhythm and energy in his artwork, further enhancing its spiritual essence.

5. Recognition and Exhibitions

Throughout his career, Tobey gained international recognition and exhibited his work in prestigious galleries and museums worldwide. Notably, in 1958, Tobey became the first American painter to receive the grand prize at the Venice Biennale. His works can be found in prominent collections including the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Tate Modern in London, and the Musée National d’Art Moderne in Paris.

6. Life in Seattle

Mark Tobey spent a significant portion of his life in Seattle, where he became an influential member of the local artistic community. He joined the faculty of the newly established Cornish College of the Arts and taught there for many years. Tobey’s presence in Seattle helped foster an environment that encouraged artistic experimentation and innovation.

7. Later Works and Legacy

Tobey continued to evolve as an artist throughout his life, experimenting with different techniques and materials. In his later years, his brushstrokes became more gestural and energetic, reflecting his exploration of abstract expressionism. Inspired by the natural elements of the Pacific Northwest, Tobey’s paintings began to display a newfound sense of movement and freedom.

Mark Tobey’s legacy extends beyond his artistic achievements. As one of the pioneers of abstract expressionism and a master of the “white writings” technique, he left a lasting impact on the art world. His unique blend of Eastern philosophy, spirituality, and abstract art continues to inspire and influence artists today.

8. Major Works

– “Broadway” (1935): This painting exemplifies Tobey’s early exploration of abstract art. The overlapping lines and forms create a dynamic composition, showcasing his distinctive style.

– “Circuit” (1954): “Circuit” is a prime example of Tobey’s calligraphic “white writings” technique. The intricate marks create a sense of movement and rhythm, inviting viewers to delve deeper into the painting’s spiritual dimension.

– “Night Flight” (1965): As Tobey’s style evolved, his paintings became more energetic and vibrant. “Night Flight” captures a sense of motion and the artist’s fascination with the energy of the natural world.

9. Awards and Honors

Mark Tobey received numerous awards and honors throughout his career. In addition to the grand prize at the Venice Biennale in 1958, Tobey was also the recipient of the Guggenheim Fellowship and the Ford Foundation Purchase Award. These accolades reflect the critical acclaim his work received during his lifetime.

10. Resources and Further Reading

To delve deeper into Mark Tobey’s life and works, here are some valuable resources:

– “Mark Tobey: Threading Light” Exhibition Catalog: This comprehensive catalog provides insights into Tobey’s artistic journey, featuring essays by renowned art historians and high-quality reproductions of his works.

– The Seattle Art Museum: The Seattle Art Museum holds a significant collection of Tobey’s works, displaying a variety of his paintings and calligraphy. The museum’s website offers virtual galleries and detailed information about specific artworks.

– The Mark Tobey Archives: The Archives at the Henry Art Gallery in Seattle contain a wealth of resources related to Tobey, including exhibition catalogs, photographs, and correspondence. Researchers and art enthusiasts can access these materials by appointment.

By exploring these resources, art lovers can gain a deeper understanding of Mark Tobey’s innovative contributions to the world of abstract expressionism and his unique incorporation of spirituality within his art.